In her completed novels, Austen generally explores the same issues or questions, though she explores them from different perspectives, under different situations, and with varied consequences. However, this does not mean that the endings are necessarily different; being comic novels, they all end with at least one marriage.
The individual and society
- What is the proper relationship of the individual to society and to others? What are the consequences for the individual, for others, and for society when the individual ignores or even deliberately transgresses society's rules? What are the consequences when the individual conforms?
- How should conflict between the individual's desires and the individual's responsibility to society be resolved? How are the individual and society affected by the resolution, which may range from self-fulfillment to self-sacrifice?
- Are the society and the values Austen presents a portrayal of actual society or are they an idealization, goals to be striven for?
- Does Austen uncritically accept the values and attitudes of her society? If so, does her acceptance of society give her the freedom to show the limitations and perhaps even the corruption and cruelties of her society?
- Is she concerned with the social responsibility of the privileged? If so, does she idealize their responsibilities and show the consequences of not fulfilling them?
- How is individual worth perceived and determined in a class-conscious society? What is proper consciousness of class difference and what is snobbery in Austen's view? (Modern readers may also ask the question, is there such a thing as proper consciousness of class difference, or is such consciousness merely one expression of snobbery?) What are the proper class responsibilities of the individual?
- How may concern for others be properly expressed?
- Is constraint or limitation a condition of living in society? (Some critics find this issue at the heart of Austen's achievement: Martin Price suggests, "The larger irony that informs all of Jane Austen's comic art is a sense of human limitations." And Walter Allen believes, "Dickens recognizes no limits at all; the art of Jane Austen is made possible precisely by the recognition of limits.")
- Are the rigid rules of conduct in the society Austen depicts necessary to protect the weak and the powerless and to control aggression and violence?
- A formal cole of behavior or manners prescribes conduct and distances feelings. But do the individuals in a society with such a code feel less, or are they merely less able to express emotion freely and openly? What are the advantages and the drawbacks of living in such a society as Austen presents them? The advantages and drawbacks may seem quite different from the perspective of a twenty-first century reader.
- What use does the individual make of freedom, with what consequences?
Imagination/fancy versus reason/judgment
- What are the consequences of yielding to imagination, which may take the form of prejudice, rather than listening to the dictates of reason?
- Do her protagonists generally learn their errors through experience and, as a result, reform? (May such a change also be described as movement from innocence to rational experience?)
- Are any of her characters held up as flawless models, or is even the most rational character flawed?
Love, courtship, and marriage
- What is proper love? Is it intelligent love, and does Austen understand love "in the fullest sense," as Lionel Trilling suggests? If so, do her protagonists naturally have the ability to love intelligently, or do they develop it?
- What qualities and behavior lead to a happy marriage?

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